Linux Tutorial

Processes and Services

Inspect running processes, signals, jobs, resource usage and service state.

Concept

A process is a running program with an identifier. ps and top-like tools help inspect processes, while signals request actions such as termination or reload.

On many modern distributions, systemd manages long-running services. Check status and logs before restarting a failing service so you preserve useful diagnostic evidence.

Example

ps aux | head
ps -ef | grep ssh
# On systemd-based distributions:
systemctl status ssh
Type the example yourself and change at least one value. Small experiments reveal syntax and behavior faster than passive reading.

Practice Tasks

  1. Find your shell process ID.
  2. Start a long-running command in the background and inspect it with jobs.
  3. Check the status of an installed service.

Key Takeaways

  • Processes have IDs and state.
  • Signals control processes.
  • Inspect service status and logs before changing things.